Biology 206 U3IP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Biology 206 U3IP - explore Paper ExampleThe last codons, UAA, UAG, and UGA, signal the STOP, the conclusion of the translation (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2000). What meaning do these mRNA codons have for protein synthesis? Explanation Messenger RNA are the carriers of information. They form them into groups of 3 words, which mention specific amino virulents that can then create a protein chain (Clancy & Brown , 2008). Did the two mutations end point in a deviate in the final proteins? If so, describe the change. Response/ explanation Yes, in the offset mutation, eliminated the glycine and included an extra element of arginine. The second mutation was drastically different from the first. Glycine has returned, along with asparagines, but the other three positions have taken by three different sequences that are non reflective of the first sequence. In general, why might a change in amino acid sequence affect protein function? Explanation Even a single cha nge in amino acid sequences can affect the proteins ability to function. For example, the disease sickle cell anemia is eventd by the change in only a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence can cause deformation in the red blood cells that can prevent it from carrying oxygen efficiently or successfully (Carter, 2004). Part II Punnett Square a. Chances (%) for healthy child, not a carrier b. Chances (%) for child that is carrier for cystic fibrosis attribute c. Chances (%) for child with cystic fibrosis Fill out/adapt Punnett Square __C____ __c___ ___C___ CC Cc ___c___ Cc cc a. Chances (%) for healthy child, not a carrier 25% b. % for child that is carrier for cystic fibrosis trait 50% c. % for child with cystic fibrosis 25% Part III Essay How do both litotes and sexual reproduction (fertilization) produce offspring that differ genetically from the parents? Include steps in litotes that increase variability Include the function of fertilization. Explanation pupillary reflex, in a basic definition is the process of cell division that lessens the number of chromosomes in the reproductive cells from diploid to haploid, which allows for the production of gametes in animals and spores in plants. Meiosis involves 2 steps, Meiosis I and Meiosis II, which then breaks into a number of phases, including interphase, metaphase, and telephase. Meiosis provides three specific mechanisms allowing for the diversifying of the genomes of offspring. Crossing Over, which occurs during meiosis when two chromosomes will pair up and exchange segments, with non-sister, cells, of their genetic materials. This allows for greater mutation to exist. Next is Random Assortment, basically, this process occurs when the when the orientation of the maternal and paternal homologues, within the first portion of the meiosis I, is genuinely random. Traits can be traded at randomly. The possible result of random assortment in gentleman can, more than, 8,000,000, potential, combinations (Chow dhury, Bois, Feingold,, Sherman & Cheung, 2009). Fertilization, with the reduction of chromosomes it allows for the